Effect of butorphanol on postoperative analgesia in cesarean section / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To evaluate the analgesic effect and adverse reactions of butorphanol after stopping patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) pump in cesarean section.Methods:One hundred and twenty patients with cesarean section in Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from March 20, 2021 to December 8, 2021 were divided into three groups as follows: butorphanol group, diclofenac sodium suppository group and control group and there were 40 patients in each group. The vital signs, analgesic effect and adverse reactions among the three groups were compared. Meantime, the bladder and gastrointestinal function recovery and neonatal jaundice in three groups were also compared.Results:The visual analogue score (VAS) in butorphanol group was significantly lower than that of control group at 3 and 4 h after stopping PCIA pump: (2.16 ± 0.09) scores vs. (2.72 ± 0.25) scores, (2.21 ± 0.10) scores vs. (2.72 ± 0.21) scores, P< 0.05, but there was no significant difference in VAS at 6 and 12 h after stopping PCIA pump. VAS in diclofenac sodium suppository group was significantly lower than that of control group at 3 h after stopping PCIA pump: (2.06 ± 0.10) scores vs. (2.16 ± 0.09) scores, P<0.05, but there was no significant difference in VAS at 4, 6 and 12 h ( P>0.05). The 3 h VAS of butorphanol group was lower than that of diclofenac sodium suppository group, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). The VAS of butorphanol group was lower than that of diclofenac sodium suppository group at 4 h after operation: (2.21 ± 0.10) scores vs. (2.56 ± 0.12) scores, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The first time of getting out of bed and urination time in butorphanol group were later than diclofenac sodium suppository group and control group: (28.32 ± 1.36) h vs. (25.94 ± 0.92) h and (24.50 ± 0.64) h, (29.05 ± 1.67) h vs. (26.76 ± 1.05) h and (25.06 ± 0.65) h, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). While the anal exhaust time in diclofenac sodium suppository group was delayed, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The analgesic effect of butorphanol is better than diclofenac sodium suppository after stopping PCIA pump in cesarean section, but nursing care should be strengthened to urge patients to take early activities to reduce the occurrence of urinary retention.

Determination of camphor residue and borneol content in Qingchang suppository by GC / 药学实践杂志

Objective To establish a gas chromatography for simultaneous determination of camphor residue and borneolum content in Qingchang Suppository. Methods Gas chromatograph method was used. The chromatographic column was Agilent capillary column(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 µm). The column temperature was 140 ℃. The sample injection temperature was 250 ℃. The FID detector temperature was 250 ℃. Results Camphor，borneol and isoborneol content showed good linear in the extent of 0.0299~1.497(r=1.000), 0.0205~1.025(r=1.000), 0.0097~0.4830 µg (r=1.000). RSDs of precision，stability and repeatability test results were less than 2%. The recovery was 99.7%, 101.0%, 102.5%. Conclusion This method is simple and quick with accurate result, which could be used for the content determination of Borneol in Qingchang Suppository.

Origin, development, and modern application value of Chinese herbal lozenges / 中国中药杂志

Lozenge is one of the traditional dosage forms of Chinese medicine. It has been recorded in traditional Chinese medical classics of all dynasties since the Eastern Han Dynasty and has been developing and evolving continuously. The unique pharmaceutical methods and application scope are the driving force of its emergence, existence, and development. Up to now, lozenge has been included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia as an independent dosage form. Lozenge has been endowed with new meaning by modern Chinese medicine pharmaceutics, which is worth tracing origin and exploring value. The present study reviewed the origin and development of lozenge, compared lozenge with other similar dosage forms, analyzed the characteristics of modern and ancient dosage forms of lozenge, and discussed the development prospect and potential of lozenge in combination with the demand development of modern Chinese medicine preparation, so as to provide references for expanding the modern application of lozenge.

Improvement effect and mechanism of Baicao fuyanqing suppository on bacterial vaginitis in rats / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To explore the improvement effect and potential mechanism of Baicao fuyanqing suppository on bacterial vaginitis （BV） in rats. METHODS The female SD rats were randomly divided into normal group， model group， metronidazole group （positive control， 0.03 g/kg）， Baicao fuyanqing suppository low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups （0.18， 0.36， 0.72 g/kg）， with 8 rats in each group. Except for the normal group， the rats in other groups were injected subcutaneously with 0.2 g of Estradiol benzoate injection+20 μL of Escherichia coli suspension （2×108～3×108 cfu/mL） through the vaginal opening to establish the BV rat model. Administration groups were given relevant medicine vaginally， while the normal group and the model group were given normal saline， once a day， for 6 consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after the last administration， the vaginal appearance score and vaginal pH were measured for each group of rats. The levels of cytokines [interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， IL-2， IL-13， immunoglobulin A （IgA）] in vaginal lavage fluid were determined. The morphology of the uterus and accessories， and pathological changes in the vaginal tissue were observed. The expressions of Toll-like receptor 2 （TLR2）， TLR4 and nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） in vaginal tissues were determined. RESULTS Compared with the normal group， the uterus edema， the irregular shape of uterus and accessories， the vaginal mucosa hyperplasia， and the massive desquamation of epithelial cells were observed in the model group， complicating with massive infiltration of inflammatory cells； vaginal opening redness and swelling score and secretion score， vaginal pH， the levels of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β and IL-2， the protein expressions of TLR2， TLR4 and NF- κB were all increased or up-regulated， while the levels of IgA and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-13 decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with the model group， varying cn degrees of improvement in uterine and accessories， and vaginal tissue lesions in rats were observed in administration groups， and most of the quantitative indicators mentioned above showed significant improvement （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Baicao fuyanqing suppository has a certain improvement effect on inflammatory symptoms in BV rats， and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the TLR/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Effect of Yashtimadhu Suppository with Cocoa Butter Base in the Pain Management of Parikartika

Parikartika is one of the common ano-rectal anomalies observed in clinical practise. In Ayurveda Samhitas, this condition is mostly mentioned as an Upadrava of Grahani, Atisara, Arshas and as Vamanavirechanavyapat. ‘Kartanavatvedhana’ is described as predominant symptom of Parikartika which means cutting type of pain in the anus. As per the description of signs and symptoms, Parikartika can be co-related to fissure-in ano in modern contexts. Yashtimadhu is the most widely used drug for Parikartika. Acharya Susruta has mentioned the drug Yashtimadhu in Trividhakarma Adhyaya in post-operative pain management and in treatment for Parikartika in Vamana virechana vyapat. Yashtimadhu in the form of Thaila and Ghrita are commonly used. Here, Yashtimadhuchurna was used to prepare a suppository with cocoa butter as its base for the management of Parikartika. Objectives: The objective of the clinical study is to evaluate any difference in the efficacy of Yashtimadhu suppository in treating Parikartika. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted as an open labelled, randomized, single arm clinical study. 40 Patients who are fulfilling the inclusion, exclusion, diagnostic criteria and complying with the informed consent was selected from OPD and IPD of Sri Jayendra Saraswathi Ayurveda College and Hospital [IEC NO- IEC/ SJSACH/ 09/2021, CTRI NO- CTRI/2021/07/035252]. Case proforma was prepared with all the appropriate details of the patient along with history and physical, rectal examination was done to diagnose Parikartika. Relevant laboratory investigations were performed. Yashtimadhu suppository was given twice per day for about 14 days to 40 patients along with 4 follow-ups once a week for one month after the treatment i.e., 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th day. The subjective parameter was pain and objective parameter were ulceration, sphincter tone. Grading was done according to the specified assessment criteria and was statistically analysed. Results: On completion of the study, statistical analysis was done on the data collected. The intervention, Yashtimadhu suppository showed significant difference in the outcome.

Study on quality standard of compound Yuhong suppository / 药学实践杂志

Objective To establish the quality standard of compound Yuhong suppository. Methods Angelica dahurica, colophony and Sophora flavescens Alt. were identified by thin layer chromatography（TLC）method. The contents of sulfadiazine and dyclonine hydrochloride were determined by HPLC with diode array detection method. The mobile phase was methanol-0.02 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate (adjusted to pH 3.3 with phosphoric acid) for gradient elution. The detection wavelength was 280 nm for sulfadiazine and dyclonine hydrochloride. Results The three Chinese traditional medicines were identified by TLC with clear spots. The linear ranges of sulfadiazine and dyclonine hydrochloride were good in 12.40-99.20 μg/ml (r=0.999 9) and 2.56-20.48 μg/ml (r=0.999 9). The average recovery was (99.21±0.43) % (n=9) and (99.54±0.68) % (n=9). Conclusion This method is accurate, sensitive, and reproducible. It can be used as a standard method for the quality control of compound Yuhong suppository.

Development and Evaluation of Vaginal Suppository Containing Althaea officinalis L. Polysaccharide Extract

Abstract Intrauterine adhesions cause several gynecological problems. Althaea officinalis L. roots known as marshmallows contain polysaccharides (M.P.) which possess anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerogenic activities also can form a bio-adhesive layer on damaged epithelial membranes prompting healing processes. Vaginal formulations of herbal origin are commonly applied to relieve cervico-uterine inflammation. Herein, we aim to develop and evaluate vaginal suppositories containing polysaccharides isolated from the A. officinalis root. Six formulations (four P.E.G.-based and two lipid-based suppositories containing 25% and 50% M.P.) met standard requirements, which were then subjected to qualitative and quantitative evaluation. All suppositories exhibited acceptable weights, hardness, content uniformity, melting point, and disintegration time, which fall within the acceptable recommended limits. Higher concentrations of M.P. in PEG-bases moderately increased the hardness (p<0.05). PEG-formulations showed content uniformity>90% of the average content while it was 75-83% for suppocire formulations. All formulations disintegrated in<30minutes. In-vitro release test revealed that M.P. release from 25%-MP formulations was higher than that of 50%-M.P. suppositories. Overall, results revealed the feasibility of preparing P.E.G.-or lipid-based suppositories containing M.P., which met the B.P. quality requirement

Effect of Shengjiang Tonglong Prescription Hollow Suppository on Rats with Prostatic Hyperplasia Based on PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Shengjiang Tonglong prescription hollow suppository on rats with prostate hyperplasia， and the effect of the proteins related to phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt） signaling pathway in the prostate， thus exploring the mechanism of Shengjiang Tonglong prescription hollow suppository in the treatment of rats with prostate hyperplasia. MethodTen SD male rats were randomly selected from 60 SD male rats to form a sham operation control group， and the rest rats were subcutaneously injected with testosterone propionate for 4 consecutive weeks after castration to induce the rat model of prostatic hyperplasia. According to the random number table method， the 50 rats were randomly divided into a model group， a finasteride group （0.45 mg·kg-1）， and three high， middle， and low-dose Shengjiang Tonglong prescription hollow suppository groups （3.98， 1.99， 0.99 g·kg-1）， with ten rats in each group. After castration for 7 d， the sham operation control group and the model group used the blank hollow suppositories， and the finasteride group and the Shengjiang Tonglong prescription hollow suppository groups used the corresponding hollow suppositories. The drugs were given to the rats by anal plugs continuously for 28 d. The rats were then killed， and the prostate tissues were separated and weighed to observe the effects of drugs on the prostate index of rats in each group. The hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used for the pathological observation of the prostate tissues. The level of dihydrotestosterone （DHT） was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway protein， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， cysteine aspartate-specific protease-3 （Caspase-3）， Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax）， and αB-crystallin （CRYAB） protein in the prostate tissues. ResultAs compared with the sham operation control group， the protein expression levels of prostate index， DHT level， CRYAB， Bcl-2， PI3K， and Akt in the model group were increased， and the protein expression levels of Caspase-3 and Bax were decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. As compared with the model group， the prostate index in the high-dose Shengjiang Tonglong prescription hollow suppository group was decreased （P<0.05）， and the level of DHT and the protein expression levels of CRYAB， Bcl-2， PI3K， and Akt in the prostate of the Shengjiang Tonglong prescription hollow suppository groups were decreased， and the protein expression levels of Caspase-3 and Bax were increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionShengjiang Tonglong prescription hollow suppository decreases the expression of CRYAB protein， negatively regulates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway， down-regulates the level of DHT and the protein expression levels of Bcl-2， PI3K， and Akt， and up-regulates the protein expression levels of Caspase-3 and Bax， thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting cell apoptosis， which plays a therapeutic role in the benign prostate hyperplasia （BPH）. The high-dose Shengjiang Tonglong prescription hollow suppository significantly improves prostatic hyperplasia in rats.

Effect of Shengjiang Tonglong Prescription Hollow Suppository on Rats with Prostatic Hyperplasia Based on PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Shengjiang Tonglong prescription hollow suppository on rats with prostate hyperplasia， and the effect of the proteins related to phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt） signaling pathway in the prostate， thus exploring the mechanism of Shengjiang Tonglong prescription hollow suppository in the treatment of rats with prostate hyperplasia. MethodTen SD male rats were randomly selected from 60 SD male rats to form a sham operation control group， and the rest rats were subcutaneously injected with testosterone propionate for 4 consecutive weeks after castration to induce the rat model of prostatic hyperplasia. According to the random number table method， the 50 rats were randomly divided into a model group， a finasteride group （0.45 mg·kg-1）， and three high， middle， and low-dose Shengjiang Tonglong prescription hollow suppository groups （3.98， 1.99， 0.99 g·kg-1）， with ten rats in each group. After castration for 7 d， the sham operation control group and the model group used the blank hollow suppositories， and the finasteride group and the Shengjiang Tonglong prescription hollow suppository groups used the corresponding hollow suppositories. The drugs were given to the rats by anal plugs continuously for 28 d. The rats were then killed， and the prostate tissues were separated and weighed to observe the effects of drugs on the prostate index of rats in each group. The hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used for the pathological observation of the prostate tissues. The level of dihydrotestosterone （DHT） was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway protein， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， cysteine aspartate-specific protease-3 （Caspase-3）， Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax）， and αB-crystallin （CRYAB） protein in the prostate tissues. ResultAs compared with the sham operation control group， the protein expression levels of prostate index， DHT level， CRYAB， Bcl-2， PI3K， and Akt in the model group were increased， and the protein expression levels of Caspase-3 and Bax were decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. As compared with the model group， the prostate index in the high-dose Shengjiang Tonglong prescription hollow suppository group was decreased （P<0.05）， and the level of DHT and the protein expression levels of CRYAB， Bcl-2， PI3K， and Akt in the prostate of the Shengjiang Tonglong prescription hollow suppository groups were decreased， and the protein expression levels of Caspase-3 and Bax were increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionShengjiang Tonglong prescription hollow suppository decreases the expression of CRYAB protein， negatively regulates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway， down-regulates the level of DHT and the protein expression levels of Bcl-2， PI3K， and Akt， and up-regulates the protein expression levels of Caspase-3 and Bax， thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting cell apoptosis， which plays a therapeutic role in the benign prostate hyperplasia （BPH）. The high-dose Shengjiang Tonglong prescription hollow suppository significantly improves prostatic hyperplasia in rats.

Comparación del bloqueo periprostático con lidocaina y supositorio de diclofenac y placebo en la biopsia prostática / Comparison of periprostatic block with lidocaine and diclofenac suppository and placebo in prostate biopsy

El bloqueo del nervio peri prostático con lidocaína, proporciona un buen alivio del dolor en la realización de la biopsia prostática guiada por ultrasonido, pero el dolor post-procedimiento, puede llegar a ser significativo, la adición del supositorio de diclofenac, podría proporcionar alivio adicional. Se asignaron al azar pacientes en 2 grupos el grupo 1 bloqueo con lidocaína del plexo peri prostático + supositorio de diclofenac sódico y el grupo 2 bloqueo con lidocaína del plexo peri prostático + supositorio de placebo, realizando biopsia doble sextante, el dolor a varios intervalos después del procedimiento se registró en una escala visual análoga (EVA) de 0 a 10. Los 2 grupos fueron similares en cuanto a edad, volumen de próstata, antígeno prostático específico, diagnóstico histopatológico. Los pacientes que recibieron diclofenac tuvieron puntajes de dolor significativamente más bajos que los que recibieron placebo (2 frente a 3,35) p 0,02. La administración rectal de diclofenac antes de la realización de la biopsia de próstata es un procedimiento simple que alivia significativamente el dolor experimentado sin aumento en la morbilidad(AU)

The peri-prostatic nerve block with lidocaine, provides good pain relief in performing ultrasoundguided prostate biopsy, but the postprocedure pain can be significant, the addition of diclofenac suppository, could provide additional relief. Patients were randomly assigned in 2 groups to group 1 blockade with lidocaine of the prostatic peri plexus + suppository of diclofenac sodium and group 2 blockade with lidocaine of the prostatic peri plexus + placebo suppository, performing double sextant biopsy, pain at several intervals after the procedure was recorded on a visual analog scale (EVA) from 0 to 10. Thee 2 groups were similar in terms of age, prostate volume, prostate-specific antigen, histopathological diagnosis. Patients who received diclofenac had pain scores significantly lower than those who received placebo (2 vs. 3.35) p 0.02. Rectal administration of diclofenac before performing a prostate biopsy is a simple procedure that relieves significantly pain experienced without increased morbidity(AU)

Comparison between intravenous injectable diclofenac and per rectal diclofenac suppository as analgesics in operated per anal and perianal benign pathologies

Background: Per anal and perianal surgeries are one of the bread and butter surgeries in a surgeons life, and satisfaction of patient matters a lot. Early miraculous recovery has always been patient’s expectations hence we decided to study standard IV method of diclofenac as analgesic with diclofenac suppository and compared their effects on patients with the help of pain scale of 0 to 10.Methods: 200 common per anal surgeries were considered in the study, and were divided in two groups group A post operatively IV diclofenac was given 12 hourly and in group B cases diclofenac suppository 100 mg was started daily twice and the pain score was noted for a week.Results: Diclofenac suppositories resulted in early pain relief and thus early discharges of these patients. The pain score had decreased to a larger extent by day 3 and was almost negligible by day 5 and a few cases to day 7. The hospital stay reduced as patient could manage suppository at home by themselves. IV site complications like thrombophlebitis leading to pain and fever could be easily avoided.Conclusions: Thus diclofenac suppositories proved to be an effective way to give a pain free satisfaction compared to intravenous painful analgesics, thus decreased their hospital stay and also it was a patient friendly.

Use of diclofenac suppositories in pain management in acute fissure in ano in outpatient department care

Background: Per anal diseases and the pain management in such cases have always been a problematic solution for surgeons. There are various pain management methods for per anal cases, however we wanted a cheaper yet effective way and patient friendly method for pain management where no expertise would be required, hence we opted to see results of diclofenac suppositories which were easily available, patient could insert it without anyone’s help or assistance and hence need not be hospitalized for any intravenous analgesics.Methods: A study was conducted over 2000 cases over a span of 6 years in a tertiary centre. A control group A of 1000 patients was made where, oral (tablet diclofenac) plus local analgesics (xylocaine gel) were opted for whereas the other group B of 1000 patients was treated with diclofenac suppository 100 mg twice a day with glycerin as lubricant at anal verge. The pain score was noted in both the groups. All acute fissure in ano cases, we included in this study.Results: The pain score of the group B cases was much lower than the group A cases, and also the duration of results acquired was much lesser than group A.Conclusions: Diclofenac suppository 100 mg twice a day proved to be an excellent pain management method for acute fissure in ano cases in outpatient department care.

Clinical effect of Kangfu Xiaoyan suppository combined with moxifloxacin in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To explore the clinical effect of Kangfu Xiaoyan suppository combined with moxifloxacin in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.@*Methods@#From November 2016 to November 2018, a total of 216 patients with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease admitted to the Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Lishui were enrolled.The patients were divided into control group and observation group according to the digital table, with 108 cases in each group.The patients in the control group were treated with quinolone antibacterial agent moxifloxacin hydrochloride tablets.The patients in the observation group were treated with Kangfu Xiaoyan suppository and moxifloxacin hydrochloride tablets.The disappearance time of clinical signs, clinical treatment effects and adverse reactions in the two groups after treatment were observed and compared.@*Results@#The disappearance time of fever[(5.15±2.46)h], lower abdominal pain[(7.62±2.77)h], leucorrhea abnormality[(9.16±3.13)h], and pain[(6.38±2.03)h] in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group[(8.09±2.28)h, (10.45±2.68)h, (12.20±2.96)h, (9.49±2.27)h](t=8.231, 7.631, 7.334, 10.613, all P=0.000). The total effective rate of the observation group (93.51%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (86.11%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=6.983, P=0.008). The overall incidence of adverse reactions of the observation group (3.70%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (11.11%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.32, P=0.038).@*Conclusion@#Compared with the simple use of moxifloxacin, Kangfu Xiaoyan suppository combined with moxifloxacin in the treatment of gynecological chronic pelvic inflammatory disease has a better clinical treatment effect and a lower incidence of adverse reactions.It is recommended to apply in clinical treatment in the future.

Study on Quality Standard Improvement for Compound Child Antifebrile Suppository / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To improve the quality standard of Compound child antifebrile suppository. METHODS ：Based on the previous quality standard ，TLC identification methods were established for artificial cow-bezoar and Baphicacanthis Cusiae Rhizoma et Radix. HPLC method was established for content determination of choleic acid （CA），hyodeoxycholic acid （HDCA） and paracetamol. RESULTS ：TLC chromatogram of artificial cow-bezoar and Baphicacanthis Cusiae Rhizoma et Radix all showed the same color spots in the same position as the corresponding substance control or reference medicinal material ，while the negative samples had no interference. HPLC was performed on Welch Xtimate C 18 column（CA，HDCA）or Agilent ZORBAX SB-C 18 column（paracetamol）with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.5％ formic acetic acid （by gradient elution ，CA and HDCA ）or methanol-water（20∶80，V/V，paracetamol）at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. ELSD was used with a nitrogen flow-rate of 2.0 L/min at a drift tube temperature of 105 ℃（CA，HDCA）. The detection wavelength was set at 244 nm（paracetamol）. The linear ranges of CA，HDCA，paracetamol were 0.150 0-4.500 0，0.212 5-6.375 0，0.081 9-1.638 5 μg（all r＞0.999 2）. RSDs of precision ， reproducibility and stability tests were all lower than 3％（n＝6 or n＝7）. The average recoveries were 100.35％，101.39％， 98.81％（all RSD ＜3％，n＝6）. CONCLUSIONS ：Based on previous quality standard of Compound child antifebrile suppository ， TLC method is used to identify artificial cow-bezoar and Baphicacanthis Cusiae Rhizoma et Radix ，and the contents of CA ，HDCA and paracetamol are determined by HPLC ，which can effectively improve the quality control standard of the preparation.

Clinical effect of Kangfu Xiaoyan suppository combined with moxifloxacin in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore theclinical effect of Kangfu Xiaoyansuppositorycombined with moxifloxacin in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.Methods From November 2016 to November 2018,a total of 216 patients with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease admitted to the Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Lishui were enrolled .The patients were divided into control group and observation group according to the digital table , with 108 cases in each group .The patients in the control group were treated with quinolone antibacterial agent moxifloxacin hydrochloride tablets .The patients in the observation group were treated with Kangfu Xiaoyan suppository and moxifloxacin hydrochloride tablets .The disappearance time of clinical signs ,clinical treatment effects and adverse reactions in the two groups after treatment were observed and compared .Results The disappearance time of fever [(5.15 ±2.46)h],lower abdominal pain[(7.62 ±2.77)h],leucorrhea abnormality[(9.16 ±3.13)h],and pain [(6.38 ±2.03) h] in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group [(8.09 ± 2.28)h,(10.45 ±2.68)h,(12.20 ±2.96)h,(9.49 ±2.27)h](t=8.231,7.631,7.334,10.613,all P=0.000). The total effective rate of the observation group (93.51％) was significantly higher than that of the control group (86.11％),the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =6.983,P=0.008).The overall incidence of adverse reactions of the observation group (3.70％) was significantly lower than that of the control group (11.11％),and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =4.32,P =0.038).Conclusion Compared with the simple use of moxifloxacin ,Kangfu Xiaoyan suppository combined with moxifloxacin in the treatment of gynecological chronic pelvic inflammatory disease has a better clinical treatment effect and a lower incidence of adverse reactions .It is recommended to apply in clinical treatment in the future .

Clinical Observation of Recombinant Human Interferon Gel Combined with Baofukang Suppository in the Treat- ment of Cervical High-risk HPV Infection / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To inv estigate therapeutic efficacy and safety of recombinant human interferon gel combined with Baofukang suppository in the treatment of cervical high-risk human papillomavirus （HPV）infection. METHODS ：Totally 259 patients with persistent high-risk HPV infection diagnosed and treated in gynecology department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University from Aug. 2017 to Sept. 2019 were selected and divided into interferon group （n＝82），Baofukang suppository group （n＝86）and combination group （n＝91）according to random number table. The patients in interferon group and Baofukang suppository group were given Recombinant human interferon α2b gel 1 g, qd or Baofukang suppository 1 capsule，qd； the patients in combination group were given Recombinant human interferon α2b gel and Baofukang suppository 1 capsule，qd；for 3 months. Then the clinical efficacy ，negative time of HPV ，duration of abnormal secretion ，LCT test results ，cervical inflammation score ，HPV relative light unit/critical value （RLU/CO）and the incidence of ADR were recorded. RESULTS ：The total effective rate of combination group was significantly higher than that of interferon group and Baofukang suppository group ， the negative time of HPV and duration of abnormal secretion in combination group were significantly shorter than interferon group and Baofukang suppository group （P＜0.05）. Before treatment ，the normal rate of LCT of 3 groups were 0，and there was no statistical significance in cervical inflammation score and HPV RLU/CO among 3 groups（P＞0.05）. After treatment ，normal rate of LCT was increased in 3 groups，compared with before treatment （P＜0.05），and normal rate of LCT in combination group was significantly higher than interferon group and Baofukang suppository group. The cervical inflammation score and HPV RLU/CO were significantly lower than before treatment ，and the combination group was significantly lower than interferon group and Baofukang suppository group （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in above indicatora after treatment betwent interferon group and Baofukang suppository group and the incidence of ADR among 3 groups during medication （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS：The application of recombinant human interferon gel combined with Baofukang suppository is effective and safe way in the treatment of cervical high-risk HPV infection.

Analysis of the efficacy of lactobacillus vaginalis capsule in the treatment of senile vaginitis / 中国基层医药

Objective To OxplorO thO OffOct of lactobacillus vaginal capsulO in thO trOatmOnt of sOnilO vaginitis.Methods From January 2017 to FObruary 2018, 100 OldOrly patiOnts with vaginitis in thO SOcond POoplO＇s Hospital of Haining wOrO sOlOctOd in thO study. ThOy wOrO randomly dividOd into obsOrvation group and control group according to thO digital tablO, with 50 casOs in Oach group. ThO obsOrvation group was trOatOd by lactobacillus vagina capsulO, and thO control group was trOatOd by compound mOtronidazolO suppository. ThO clinical OffOcts of thO two groups wOrO comparOd.Results ThO total OffOctivO ratO of thO obsOrvation group (96.00% ) was significantly highOr than that of thO control group(76.00% ),thO diffOrOncO was statistically significant(χ2 =12.547,P<0.05).ThOrO was no statistically significant diffOrOncO in vaginal pH bOforO trOatmOnt bOtwOOn thO two groups[(6.89 ± 1.32) vs. (6.91 ± 1.26),t=0.102,P>0.05],and thOrO wOrO statistically significant diffOrOncOs in vaginal pH of thO two groups bOforO and aftOr trOatmOnt(t=8.204,5.112,all P<0.05),thO vaginal pH of thO obsOrvation group aftOr trOat-mOnt was significantly lowOr than that of thO control group, thO diffOrOncO was statistically significant[(4.49 ± 0.11) vs.(5.76 ± 0.37),t=5.024,P<0.05].In thO obsOrvation group, only 1 casO had rOcurrOncO at 2 months aftOr trOatmOnt, and no rOcurrOncO was obsOrvOd at 3 months and 6 months aftOr trOatmOnt, thO rOcurrOncO ratO was 2.00%. In thO control group, thOrO wOrO 2 casOs,4 casOs,6 casOs had rOcurrOncO at 2 months,3 months and 6 months aftOr trOatmOnt, and thO rOcurrOncO ratO was 24.00%. ThO rOcurrOncO ratO of thO obsOrvation group was significantly lowOr than that of thO control group (χ2 =25.634,P <0.05).Conclusion Lactobacillus vaginal capsulO in thO trOatmOnt of sOnilO vaginitis has curativO OffOct is distinct, thO rOcurrOncO ratO is low, also thO usO procOss is vOry simplO, has high clinical application valuO.

Effect of single-chamber balloon combined with dinoprostone suppository on cervical ripening induced by full-term maternal delivery / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To investigate the effects of single-chamber balloon combined with dinoprostone suppository on the progestation of the cervix in full-term maternal delivery.@*Methods@#From January 2017 to December 2018, 120 cases of full-term maternal women admitted to the Central Hospital of Yiwu were selected.According to the random number table method, all women were divided into control group (60 cases) and observation group (60 cases). The control group was given a single-cavity balloon to promote cervical ripening.The observation group received single-chamber balloon combined with dinoprostone to promote cervical ripening.The effects of maternal cervical ripening were observed.@*Results@#The total effective rate of maternal cervical ripening in the observation group (95.00%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (81.67%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=6.135, P<0.05). The differences of maternal postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal asphyxia rate were not statistically significant (t=1.684 , χ2=2.563, all P>0.05). The total maternal labor [(5.8±2.1)h] in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group [(7.6±2.5)h], the difference was statistically significant (t=3.126, P<0.05). The vaginal delivery rate (95.00%) of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (73.33%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=5.342, P<0.05). Before implanting the balloon and balloon combination, the Bishop score between the two groups had no statistically significant difference (t=3.623, P>0.05). After the balloon and balloon combination were taken out, the Bishop score of the maternal cervix[(8.6±1.5)points] in the observation group was higher than that in the control group [(7.2±1.3)points], and the difference was statistically significant (t=4.354, P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reaction of the observation group (6.67%) was lower than that of the control group (13.33%), the difference was statistically significant between the groups(χ2=3.821, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Compared with simple single-chamber balloon, single-chamber balloon combined with dinoprostone suppository has more significant effect on the maternal ripening of the cervix, it can improve the vaginal delivery rate and maternal cervical Bishop scores, effectively reduce the maternal total labor, and reduce the incidence of maternal adverse reactions.

Effect of single-chamber balloon combined with dinoprostone suppository on cervical ripening induced by full-term maternal delivery / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the effects of single-chamber balloon combined with dinoprostone suppository on the progestation of the cervix in full-term maternal delivery.Methods From January 2017 to Decem-ber 2018,120 cases of full-term maternal women admitted to the Central Hospital of Yiwu were selected.According to the random number table method ,all women were divided into control group (60 cases ) and observation group (60 cases).The control group was given a single-cavity balloon to promote cervical ripening.The observation group received single-chamber balloon combined with dinoprostone to promote cervical ripening .The effects of maternal cervical ripening were observed.Results The total effective rate of maternal cervical ripening in the observation group (95.00%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (81.67%),and the difference was statisti-cally significant (χ2 ＝6.135,P＜0.05).The differences of maternal postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal asphyxia rate were not statistically significant ( t ＝1.684 ,χ2 ＝2.563,all P＞0.05).The total maternal labor [( 5.8 ± 2.1)h] in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group [(7.6 ±2.5) h],the differ-ence was statistically significant (t＝3.126,P＜0.05).The vaginal delivery rate (95.00%) of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (73.33%),the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 ＝5.342,P＜0.05).Before implanting the balloon and balloon combination ,the Bishop score between the two groups had no statis-tically significant difference (t＝3.623,P＞0.05).After the balloon and balloon combination were taken out ,the Bishop score of the maternal cervix [(8.6 ±1.5)points] in the observation group was higher than that in the control group [(7.2 ±1.3)points],and the difference was statistically significant (t＝4.354,P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reaction of the observation group (6.67%) was lower than that of the control group (13.33%),the differ-ence was statistically significant between the groups ( χ2 ＝3.821,P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with simple single-chamber balloon,single-chamber balloon combined with dinoprostone suppository has more significant effect on the maternal ripening of the cervix ,it can improve the vaginal delivery rate and maternal cervical Bishop scores , effectively reduce the maternal total labor ,and reduce the incidence of maternal adverse reactions.

3D printing technology in drug delivery system / 国际药学研究杂志

Three-dimensional (3D) printing,a type of rapid prototyping technology,is based on a digital model file and prints layer-by-layer using adhesive materials,such as powdered metal or plastic.3D printing has attracted much attention in the pharmaceutical field because of the various advantages,such as simple operation,good flexibility,high repeatability,wide adaptability,and more importantly,customized service.Currently,it is used in formulations of immediate release,sustained release,implants,etc.Recently,the integration of medical devices and drugs with 3D printing has been gaining popularity.This review not only summarizes the latest progress in techniques,materials,and pharmaceutical dosage forms used in drug delivery system with 3D printing,but also analyzes its advantages and limitations,with the hope of providing reference for the development and application of 3D printing technology in drug delivery.This novel drug delivery system will bring new vitality to individualized medication.